Competition, regulation in TV channels distribution

Distribution technologies are competing with cable TV operators to provide audio-visual services. In several countries the penetration rate of DTH is much higher than cable services and consumers have a fair choice between competing technologies. Carriage of popular channels by competing distribution networks is essential for competing in the market. As such, the success of competition in the distribution chain largely depends on the non-discriminatory treatment of carriage of TV channels.

e4m by exchange4media Staff
Published: Nov 6, 2004 8:37 AM  | 4 min read
Competition, regulation in TV channels distribution

Cabletelevision was developed in the late 1940s in the US for communities unable to receive TV signals because of terrain or distance from TV stations. Cable TV operators located antennas in areas with good reception, picked up broadcast station signals and then distributed them by coaxial cable to subscribers.

Since then, transmission of TV signals has come a long way with the advancement in information and communication technology (ICT). Now several alternative delivery platforms for transmitting TV signals have emerged such as Direct-to-Home Services (DTH) and Internet protocol-based TV (IPTV). These distribution technologies are competing with cable TV operators to provide audio-visual services. In several countries the penetration rate of DTH is much higher than cable services and consumers have a fair choice between competing technologies.

Carriage of popular channels by competing distribution networks is essential for competing in the market. As such, the success of competition in the distribution chain largely depends on the non-discriminatory treatment of carriage of TV channels. Broadcasters may also face similar problems when distribution network operators refuse to carry their TV channels/programmes to subscribers' premises.

Sometimes broadcasters and distribution network operators vertically integrate to discriminate against competitors in the carriage or provision of signals. Vertical integration may improve efficiency as it reduces the transaction between upstream and downstream operations. But, at the same time, in certain circumstances it may be used to limit competition, which could take any of following forms:

Vertical price squeeze, which happens when a vertically integrated broadcaster increases the price of a TV channel for competing operators but maintains the same price for operator affiliates;

Exclusivity of content, whereby popular TV channels are denied to a competitor so as to promote broadcaster's own distribution network; and Denial of carriage by a vertically integrated cable system of TV channel of the rival company.

To what extent can regulation help ensure fair competition and to what extent can the market be expected to ensure that competition is not thwarted?

The concern is that broadcasters may not provide content to rival platforms and this could affect competition in terms of price and quality of service.

Moreover, the issue has to be seen primarily from a consumer's perspective. If all channels are not available on one platform then a consumer may have to acquire more than one platform to view his/her favourite channels. If content, especially popular content, is exclusively available on one platform then there may not be effective competition.

In the US there is a 40 per cent limit on the number of channels that can be occupied by video programmers affiliated with a particular cable system. Moreover, vertically integrated cable companies are prohibited from discriminating against competitors in the distribution of satellite delivered programming. In Canada, a 2001 ruling by the Canadian Radio-Television and Telecommunications Commission (CRTC) reversed a long-standing policy that prevented cable companies from owning pay and specialty TV channels. At the same time, the CRTC laid down certain principles for the cable TV industry, such as:

All specialty and pay services should be supplied and distributed on fair and equitable terms.

Unaffiliated companies should get terms and conditions that are no less favourable than those with affiliates.

In India, the Telecom Regulatory Authority of India (TRAI) recently submitted its recommendations to the Government of India on broadcasting and distribution of TV channels. TRAI has recommended that every broadcaster shall provide signals of its TV channels on a non-discriminatory basis to all distributors of TV channels and no exclusivity would be permitted between broadcasters and distributors of TV channels.

Generally, TV channels are provided to all carriers and platforms to increase viewership for the purpose of earning maximum subscription fee as well as advertisement revenue. However, according to some, if all platforms carry the same content it will reduce competition and there will be no incentive to improve the content. The experience in the US suggests that regulation relating to non-discriminatory access can provide an effective stimulus to competition and improve the content. The FCC, after reviewing the impact of its programme access rules over 10 years, found that exclusivity prohibition has not reduced the incentives to create new or diverse programming. In view of all these, it is necessary that there are regulations in place to check if content is denied in a manner that stifles competition among competing distribution networks.

It is important that all distribution platforms are promoted so that they provide consumers with choice.

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HT Media posts Consolidated Total Revenue of Rs 580 crore in Q2

Chairperson and Editorial Director Shobhana Bhartia says due to lower commodity prices and control on costs there has been an improvement in operating profit

e4m by exchange4media Staff
Published: Nov 5, 2019 7:28 AM  | 1 min read
HT Media

HT Media has posted a Consolidated Total Revenue for Q2, 2020 at Rs 580 crore.

As per a statement released by the company, EBITDA for Q2’20 increased by 139%, and margins at 14% vis-à-vis 6% in previous year. This has been driven by softening of newsprint prices and continued focus on cost.

The Net Cash position at a consolidated level continues to be strong.

The Print ad revenue has declined due to sluggish volumes, even as yields have improved. National advertising continues to be soft, although local advertising witnessed growth.

Savings in raw material costs have driven improvement in EBITDA margins.

Chairperson and Editorial Director Shobhana Bhartia said, “Slowing economic growth has hit advertising spends in key categories, putting pressure on revenues across the media industry. As a result, our Print and Radio (on like to like basis) businesses saw revenues dip as compared to a year-ago. However, thanks to lower commodity prices and a tight control on costs, we saw an improvement in our operating profit. On the digital front, Shine, our online recruitment portal has shown good progress and continues to grow. Our outlook for the coming quarter remains cautious, given overall economic sentiment and macroeconomic trends. Cost-control and falling commodity prices should help protect our margins.”

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ABP Group posts Rs 15.70 crore as net profit in Q1 FY20

The group’s total operating income stands at Rs 365.55 crore

e4m by exchange4media Staff
Published: Nov 4, 2019 5:41 PM  | 1 min read
ABP

ABP Group has posted a net profit of Rs 15.70 crore in the first quarter of FY20, as per media reports.

The group’s total operating income stands at Rs 365.55 crore.

It’s net profit for the fiscal ended March 31, 2019, was down 68% to Rs 31.90 crore compared to the previous fiscal.

The Profit Before Interest Lease Depreciation and Tax (PBILDT) has also dropped 53.52% to Rs 107.12 crore.

The group has six news channels - ABP News (Hindi), ABP Ananda (Bengali) ABP Majha (Marathi) and ABP Asmita (Gujarati), ABP Sanjha (Punjabi) and ABP Ganga (Hindi).

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Zee Media posts consolidated revenue of Rs 137.03 crore for Q2 FY20

ZMCL has recorded 4.4% growth in operating revenue for first half of FY20

e4m by exchange4media Staff
Published: Oct 24, 2019 9:19 AM  | 1 min read
ZMCL

Zee Media Corporation Ltd (ZMCL) has posted a 4.4 per cent growth in operating revenue to Rs 337.6 crore in the first half of FY20, as per media reports.

It has reported a consolidated revenue of Rs 137.03 crore for Q2 FY20.

In a statement, ZMCL has said: “During the quarter, the network expanded its footprint s into Southern India through the launch of Zee Hindustan in Tamil and Telugu languages. This is intended to make the network's content accessible to wider audience.”

The operating expenditure in Q2FY20 has dropped by 21.7 per cent.

The statement further said: “EBITDA for HlFY20 improved by 34.1 per cent to Rs 1,029 million from Rs 767.5 million EBITDA for H1FY19, while the same declined by 9.4 per cent to Rs 370.2 million from Rs 408.7 million for the corresponding period last financial year. EBITDA Margin grew from 23.7 per cent in H1FY19 to 30.5 per cent in HlFY20, while growing from 24.2 per cent in Q2FY19 to 27 per cent in Q2FY20.”

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No slowdown here: In-cinema ad rates up by at least 50% for 3 big Diwali releases

Housefull 4, Made In China and Saand Ki Aankh ready to hit the silver screen this week, with the hopes of giving brands the eyeballs they look for in theatres

e4m by Moumita Bhattacharjee
Published: Oct 24, 2019 8:41 AM  | 4 min read
DiwaliFilms

It’s that time of the year again when theatres gear up to pocket maximum gains. Diwali is here and there are three films ready to hit the silver screen this week--Housefull 4, Made In China and Saand Ki Aankh. The festive period brings much joy to exhibitors, distributors and theatre owners because it ensures footfalls, giving brands the eyeballs they look for. In fact, industry experts don’t feel that economic slowdown this year has impacted in-cinema advertising. While they are concerned about three movies clashing during Diwali, they predict 50-100 per cent rise in ad rates during this period. 

Advertising moolah

Mohan Umrotkar, CEO, Carnival Cinemas, is expecting 60-70 per cent surge in advertisement topline compared to last year. “Going by the buzz and advance booking for these three releases, market is bullish. Advertisers have blocked most of the advt-slots during the festival period. Housefull 4, Made In China and Saand Ki Aankh all combined together should generate around Rs 350 crore topline at the box office during the festival week. We are expecting 60-70 per cent surge in the advertisement topline from last year. Also, this year we have added around 14 per cent new advertisers, and 4 per cent of them are first-time cinema advertisers,” he says.

But according to Siddharth Bhardwaj, Chief Marketing Officer - Head of Enterprise Sales, UFO Moviez, things have changed a lot in the last couple of years. “Since some films have not really lived up to their expectation, advertisers are spreading the spends all through the year. They are picking up far more number of titles in the year rather than focusing only on Diwali or Eid.”

“It is good for the industry because you can monetise the inventories beyond just big weeks. A lot of content- driven films have come up which has given us the opportunity to monetise more markets. It has put lesser pressure on Diwali. Most of the cinemas are sold out for Diwali. It becomes difficult to accommodate everything,” Bharadwaj opines. He also reveals that for this week, the inventories are already full.

Diwali ad rates

Experts reveal that ad rates differ from property to property and depends on location as well. But Diwali surely sees a massive hike in rates. This year, theatre owners are expecting 100 per cent rise in ad rates. While Umrotkar revealed that for Diwali, they are charging 100 per cent higher than the regular card rates, Girish Johar, trade analyst and film producer, shared that even the rates for putting up kiosks of brands go up during festivals like Diwali.

“It’s based on property. On a ballpark, ad rates double up. So if you are putting up a kiosk, they charge say Rs 50,000-25,000 for a month. During Diwali, they charge almost double because of the kind of footfalls theatres witness,” Johar revealed.

Economic slowdown? Not for Cinema!

This year, brands have been pulling back their spends on other mediums due to economic slowdown, but cinema seems unaffected. Calling entertainment business recession-proof, Johar explains, “If you see the other side, box office is up by 15-20 per cent. Yes, it is a bit subdued because the brands are in a wait-and- watch scenario. They are increasing their focus around consumption rather than awareness.”

Bharadwaj too seconded it by saying, “These are challenging times but our medium is very efficient. If you see economy has slowed down, but the cinema has grown instead.”

Clash cover

Three movies are clashing this Diwali which means shared screens and box office gains.

“It’s never good for us when two or more big-ticket films release together. If they would have come on different dates, there are chances that more advertisers will take advt. inventory in those weeks separately instead of that one particular week,” shares Umrotkar.

 

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INOX Leisure Ltd sees 42% growth in total revenue

Profit After Tax up 327% to Rs 51 crore

e4m by exchange4media Staff
Published: Oct 23, 2019 6:06 PM  | 1 min read
INOX

INOX Leisure Ltd (INOX) has reported financials for the second quarter ending September 2019.

Its total revenue has risen to Rs 524 crore with a 42% growth from Rs 369 crore in the corresponding quarter in FY19. Its EBITDA has more than doubled to Rs 107 crore with a 121% growth, while the PAT stood at an impressive Rs 51 crore, up 327% from previous year’s second quarter.

Siddharth Jain, Director, INOX Group, said: “At INOX, setting new benchmarks is now a routine, thanks to our consistently sharp focus on luxury, service and technology and our uncompromised desire to offer our patrons, nothing but the latest and the best! We are delighted with our remarkable consistency on all parameters, and we are sure about maintaining the momentum and focus on innovativeness. Content once again proved that why we term it as the ‘hero’. Thanks to the creators of such spellbinding movies, which keep inviting our guests to our properties, and allowing us to pamper them with our signature hospitality. With the launch of Megaplex, we are delighted to further our endeavor of developing experience-driven cinema destinations of global standards, and we will continue to do so. On behalf of Team INOX, I assure all our stakeholders that we will continue to break barriers and exceed all expectations.”

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Hathway Cable & Datacom reports 100% subscription collection efficiency in Q2

The broadband subscriber base has increased from the previous quarter’s 840,000 to 860,000

e4m by exchange4media Staff
Published: Oct 18, 2019 11:17 AM  | 1 min read
Hathway

Hathway Cable and Datacom has reported subscription collection efficiency at 100%, and the broadband subscriber base has increased from previous quarter’s 840,000 to 860,000 in quarter ending September, as per media reports.

It has narrowed its consolidated net loss by 74% and the operating EBITDA has been reported 15% up to Rs 107.5 crore compared to Rs 93.1 crore a quarter ago.

The total income has dropped 2%, while the expenditure is down 6%.

In the financial results, the company has said the FTTH markets are leading growth in customer acquisition.

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ZEEL posts 7.4% YoY growth in total revenue for Q2 FY20

ZEEL's domestic advertising revenue has grown 1.4% YoY in Q2FY20

e4m by exchange4media Staff
Published: Oct 18, 2019 7:51 AM  | 2 min read
ZEEL

Zee Entertainment Enterprises Limited (ZEEL) has reported a consolidated revenue of Rs 2,122 crore for the second quarter of FY20, recording a growth of 7.4% on YoY basis.

The Earnings Before Interest, Tax, Depreciation and Amortization (EBITDA) was recorded as Rs 692.9 crore with an EBITDA margin of 32.7%. PAT for the quarter was Rs 413.2 crore. The Profit After Tax (PAT) for the quarter was Rs 413.2 million, with a growth of 6.9% YoY.

During the second quarter, ZEEL’s consolidated advertising revenue grew by 1.2% YoY to Rs 1,224.7 crore. The domestic advertising revenues grew by 1.4% YoY to Rs 1169 crore.

ZEEL has posted 26.8% YoY growth in Q2FY20 domestic subscription revenue. ZEEL’s consolidated subscription revenue grew by 19.0% to Rs 723.5 crore during the quarter.

ZEEL’s total expenditure in Q2FY20 stood at Rs 1429.1 crore, higher by 9.9% YoY compared to Q2FY19.

While ZEE5 recorded a peak DAU (Daily Active User) base of 8.9 million in September 2019, ZEE5 users watched an average of 120 minutes of content on the platform in the same month.
During Q2 FY20, the television network had an all-India viewership share of 18.4%.

During the quarter, ZEEL’s international business revenue was Rs 208.2 crore. The advertising and subscription revenues for international business declined by 4.0% YoY and 21.5% YoY, respectively.

Zee Music Company has registered 7.1 billion views on YouTube in Q2.

Punit Goenka, Managing Director and CEO, ZEEL, said, “I am pleased with the performance we have exhibited during the quarter. Our entertainment portfolio continues to grow from strength to strength across all formats and maintained its leading position. Our television network has emerged stronger post the implementation of tariff order on the back of a strong customer connect and brand pull of its channels. ZEE5 continued to gain traction across audience segments and markets, driven by its compelling content library and expanding list of partnerships across the digital eco-system. This strong operating performance allowed us to deliver industry leading growth in both advertising and subscription despite the tough macro-economic environment. Domestic subscription growth of 27% has reaffirmed the value proposition our television network has built over the years. The impact of tariff order has now largely settled down and has brought increased transparency along with improved monetization. Our domestic advertising revenue growth, though significantly lower than historical trend, is higher than the industry growth. We have witnessed an improvement in ad spends through the quarter and we believe that the onset of festive season along with measures taken by the government will help revive the consumption growth.”

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